What are the different NBN technology types (FTTP, FTTN, HFC, FTTB)?

FTTP (fibre to the premises) is fastest and most stable — fibre runs directly into your unit. FTTB (fibre to the building) brings fibre to the building's communications room, then uses the building's internal copper or coax to your apartment — speed depends on that internal wiring, which is why apartment speeds vary so much block to block. HFC reuses the old pay-TV coaxial cable network — generally solid but can slow during peak evening hours in dense areas. FTTN (fibre to the node) is the oldest and most distance-sensitive: the further your home is from the street cabinet, the slower it gets. Inner Sydney apartments are mostly FTTP, FTTB or HFC; FTTN shows up more in older suburban houses.