Australia's NBN comes in five physical flavours, and knowing which one you have changes everything from which router to buy to where a fault is likely sitting.
澳洲NBN有五种物理联网方式，知道自己是哪一种，会直接影响该买哪种路由器、故障大概率出在哪里。
The fastest NBN connection type — fibre runs all the way into your home
网速最快的NBN联网类型——光纤直接接入到家里
Fibre to a street cabinet, then your existing copper phone line the rest of the way
光纤到街边机柜，最后一段用你家原有的电话铜线
Fibre to a comms cabinet in the building's basement, then internal phone wiring to your unit
光纤到楼内通信机柜，再通过楼内电话线接到你家
Fibre to a small distribution point near the street, a short final copper run to your home
光纤到街边小型分配点，最后一小段用铜线接到你家
Fibre to a local node, then the same coaxial cable used for old pay-TV networks into your home
光纤到本地节点，最后一段沿用老式收费电视同轴电缆接入你家
Why "modem" means something different here: in China, home broadband is normally two separate boxes — an optical modem (光猫) that only converts the fibre signal, and a separate WiFi router. In Australia, NBN comes in five different physical connection types (FTTP, FTTN, FTTB, FTTC, HFC), and several of them need a router with a built-in DSL/cable modem — which is why Australian retailers sell “modem router” combo units that don't really have an equivalent in the Chinese market. Knowing which type you have changes which router will actually work and where the fault is likely to be.
为什么这里的“猫”含义不一样：在中国，家庭宽带通常是两个独立的盒子——只负责信号转换的光猫，和另一台单独的WiFi路由器。在澳洲，NBN有五种不同的物理联网类型(FTTP、FTTN、FTTB、FTTC、HFC)，其中好几种都需要路由器内置DSL/有线调制解调器——这也是为什么澳洲零售商会卖“调制解调器路由器”一体机，这种形态在中国市场并没有直接对应物。知道自己是哪种类型，直接决定了哪款路由器真正能用、故障大概率出在哪里。